Aspectos Sistemáticos de una Historia de los Conceptos de Securitización y Amenaza para Copenhague, Aberystwyth y París
Palavras-chave:
estudos de segurança, securitização, ameaça, Copenhague, Aberystwyth, Paris, história dos conceitos, conceitos
Resumo
Os últimos trinta anos foram definitivos para questionar o conceito clássico de segurança. Na década de 1990, teóricos em Copenhague, Aberystwyth e Paris tentaram ampliar seu entendimento sobre o que significa uma ameaça, bem como como ocorre o processo de delimitação e definição do que deve ser protegido na política internacional - a securitização. Neste artigo, com base na história dos conceitos, investigamos a genealogia dos dois conceitos comuns centrais às escolas europeias de estudos de segurança, comparando e apontando suas semelhanças e contrastes.
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Referências
Alker, Hayward. 2005. Emancipation in the Critical Security Studies Project. En Critical Security Studies and World Politics, editado por Ken Booth. London: Lynne Rienner.
Baele, Stéphane y Catarina Thomson. 2017. “An Experimental Agenda for Securitization Theory”. International Studies Review 19(4): 646-666.
Ball, T. 1998. “Conceptual History and the History of Political Thought”, pp. 75-86. En History of Concepts: Comparative Perspectives, editado por Iain Hampsher-Monk, Karin Tilmans y Frank van Vree. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
Balzacq, Thierry. 2005. “The Three Faces of Securitisation: Political Agency, Audience and Context”. European Journal of International Relations 11(2): 171-201.
Balzacq, Thierry. 2011a. “A theory of securitization: origins, core assumptions, and variants”, pp. 1-30. En Securitization Theory: How security problems emerge and dissolve, editado por Thierry Balzacq. New York: Routledge.
Balzacq, Thierry. 2011b. “Enquiries into methods: a new framework for securitization analysis”, pp. 31-54. En Securitization Theory: How security problems emerge and dissolve, editado por Thierry Balzacq. New York: Routledge.
Bigo, Didier. 1996. Polices en réseaux. L’expérience européenne. Paris: Presses de Sciences Po.
Bigo, Didier. 2000. “When Two Become One: Internal and External Securitisations in Europe”. En International Relations Theory and the Politics of European Integration, Power, Security and Community, editado por Morten Kelstrup y Michael Williams. London: Routledge.
Bigo, Didier. 2006. “Internal and External Aspects of Security”. European Security 15(4): 385-404.
Bigo, Didier. 2008. “Globalized (In)Security: The field and the Ban-Opticon”, pp. 10-48. En Terror, Insecurity and Liberty. Illiberal practices of liberal regimes after 9/11, editado por Didier Bigo y Anastassia Tsoukala. New York: Routledge.
Bigo, Didier. 2013. “The transnational field of computerised exchange of information in police matters and its European guilds”, pp. 153-182. En Transnational Power Elites: The New Professionals of Governance, Law and Security, editado por Niilo Kauppi y Mikael Madsen. New York: Routledge.
Bigo, Didier. 2015. “Vigilancia electrónica a gran escala y listas de alerta: ¿productos de una política paranoica?”. REMHU — Revista Interdisciplinar da Mobilidade Humana 23(45): 11-42.
Bilgin, Pinar. 2008. Critical Theory. En Security Studies: An Introduction, editado por Paul Williams. Abingdon: Routledge.
Bilgin, Pinar. 2017. The International in Security, Security in the International. New York: Routledge.
Booth, Ken. 1991. “Security and Emancipation”. Review of International Studies 17(4): 313-326.
Booth, Ken. 2004. “Realities of Security: Editor’s Introduction”. International Relations 18(1): 5-8.
Booth, Ken. 2007. Theory of World Security. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1997. Razones Prácticas. Sobre la teoría de la acción. Barcelona: Anagrama.
Burgess, Peter (Ed.). 2012. The Routledge Handbook of New Security Studies. New York: Routledge.
Buzan, Barry y Lene Hansen. 2009. The Evolution of International Security Studies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Buzan, Barry y Ole Waever. 2003. Regions and Powers: The Structure of International Security. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Buzan, Barry, Ole Waever y Jaap de Wilde. 1998. Security: A New Framework for Analysis. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Buzan, Barry. 1991. People, States and Fear: An Agenda for International Security Studies in the Post-Cold War Era. 2.ed. London: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
C.A.S.E. Collective. 2006. “Critical Approaches to Security in Europe: A Networked Manifesto”. Security Dialogue 37(4): 443-487.
Chagas-Bastos, Fabrício H. 2015. Modelos de Inserção Internacional na América Latina do início do século XXI (1990-2014): Uma análise comparativa de Brasil e México. Tesis de Doctorado. Programa de Posgrado Interunidades en Integración de América Latina (PROLAM). São Paulo: Universidad de São Paulo.
Chagas-Bastos, Fabrício H. 2018. “La invención de la inserción internacional: fundaciones históricas y conceptuales”. Análisis Político [en prensa].
Chagas-Bastos, Fabrício H. y Sean Burges. 2018. “The ‘Briefing Note’ as a Pedagogical Tool for Teaching Politics and International Relations”. Journal of Political Science Education [en prensa].
Cox, Robert W. 1996. Approaches to World Order. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Dunne, Tim, Milja Kurki y Steve Smith (Eds.). 2016. International Relations Theories: Discipline and Diversity. 4.ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Farr, James. 1989. “Understanding Conceptual Change Politically”, pp. 24-39. En Political Innovation and Conceptual Change, editado por T. Ball, J. Farr y R. L. Hanson. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Foucault, Michel. 1976. Vigilar y castigar. Traducido por Aurelio Garzón del Camino. Buenos Aires: Siglo XXI Editores.
Foucault, Michel. 1978. Curso del 7 de enero de 1976. En: Microfísica del poder. Madrid: La Piqueta.
Habermas, Jürgen. 1987a. Knowledge and Human Interests. Boston: Polity Press.
Habermas, Jürgen. 1987b. The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Habermas, Jürgen. 1991. The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Horkheimer, Max. 1937. Teoría tradicional y teoría crítica. Madrid: Ediciones Paidós
Horkheimer, Max. 1942. El Estado autoritario. En: Sociedad en transición: estudios de filosofía social, editado por Max Horkheimer (1976). Barcelona: Península.
Huysmans, Jef. 2000. “Migration and the Politics of Security”. En: Minorities in European Cities: The Dynamics of Social Integration and Social Exclusion at the Neighbourhood Level, editado por Sophie Body Gendrot y Marco Martiniello. London: Macmillan,
Huysmans, Jef. 2002. “Defining Social Constructivism in Security Studies: The Normative Dilemma of Writing Security”. Alternatives: Global, Local, Political 27(1_suppl): 41-62.
Knutsen, Torbjørn. 2016. A History of International Relations Theory. 3.ed. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Koselleck, Reinhart. 1992. Uma História dos conceitos: problemas teóricos e práticos. Estudos Históricos 5(10): 134-146.
Koselleck, Reinhart. 2002. The Practice of Conceptual History: Timing History, Spacing Concepts. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Koselleck, Reinhart. 2004. Futures Past: On the Semantics of Historical Time. New York: Columbia University Press.
Krause, Keith y Michael Williams (Eds.). 1997. Critical Security Studies: Concepts and Cases. London: UCL Press.
Kristensen, Peter. 2018. “International Relations at the End: A Sociological Autopsy”. International Studies Quarterly 62(2): 245-259.
McDonald, Matt. 2008. “Securitization and the Construction of Security”. European Journal of International Relations 4(4): 563-587.
Palonen, Kari. 1999. “Rhetorical and Temporal Perspectives on Conceptual Change”. Redescriptions 3: 41-58.
Palonen, Kari. 2003. Quentin Skinner: History, Politics, Rhetoric. Cambridge: Polity.
Paris, Paolo. 2015. “Pierre Bourdieu y su teoría de la acción: espacio social, habitus y campo”, pp. 108-115. En Sociología, editado por Sebastián Barros. Comodoro Rivadavia: EDUPA.
Park, Seo-Hyun. 2017. Sovereignty and Status in East Asian International Relations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Pocock, J. G. A. 1971. Politics, Language, and Time: Essays on Political Thought and History. New York: Atheneum.
Pollock, Frederick. 1941. “State Capitalism: Its Posibilities and Limitations”. En: The Essential Frankfurt School Reader, editado por Andrew Arato y Eike Gebhardt (1978). New York: The Continuum Publishing Company.
Skinner, Quentin. 1969. “Meaning and Understanding in the History of Ideas”. History and Theory 8(1): 3-53.
Stritzel, Holger y Chang Sean C. 2015. “Securitization and counter-securitization in Afghanistan”. Security Dialogue 46 (6): 548-567.
Stritzel, Holger. 2012. “Securitization, power, intertextuality: Discourse theory and the translations of organized crime”. Security Dialogue 43(6): 549-567.
Stritzel, Holger. 2014. Security in Translation: Securitization Theory and the Localization of Threat. London: Palgrave-Macmillan.
Waever, Ole, Barry Buzan y Pierre Lemaitre. 1993. Identity, Migration and the New Security Agenda in Europe. London: Pinter
Waever, Ole. 1995. “Securitization and Desecuritization”. En On security, editado por Ronnie D Lipschutz. New York: Columbia University Press.
Waever, Ole. 1996. “The Rise and Fall of the Inter-Paradigm Debate”, pp. 149-185. En International Theory: positivism and beyond, editado por Steve Smith, Ken Booth y Marysia Zalewski. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Waever, Ole. 2000. “The EU as a Security Actor: Reflections from a Pessimistic Constructivist on Post Sovereign Security Orders”. En International Relations Theory and the Politics of European Integration, editado por Morten Kelstrup y Michael Williams. London: Routledge.
Waever, Ole. 2012. “Aberystwyth, Paris, Copenhague: the Europeness of new ‘schools’ of Security Theory in an American Field”, pp. 48-71. En Thinking International Relations Differently, editado por Arlene B. Tickner y David Blaney. New York: Routledge.
Williams, Michael. 1998. “Modernity, Identity and Security: A Comment on the “Copenhagen controversy”. Review of International Studies 23(3): 435-444.
Williams, Michael. 2011. “The continuing evolution of securitization theory”, pp. 212-222. En Securitization Theory: How security problems emerge and dissolve, editado por Thierry Balzacq. New York: Routledge.
Wyn Jones, Richard. 1995. “Message in a bottle? Theory and praxis in critical security studies”. Contemporary Security Policy 16(3): 299-319.
Wyn Jones, Richard. 1999. Security, Strategy, and Critical Theory. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Baele, Stéphane y Catarina Thomson. 2017. “An Experimental Agenda for Securitization Theory”. International Studies Review 19(4): 646-666.
Ball, T. 1998. “Conceptual History and the History of Political Thought”, pp. 75-86. En History of Concepts: Comparative Perspectives, editado por Iain Hampsher-Monk, Karin Tilmans y Frank van Vree. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
Balzacq, Thierry. 2005. “The Three Faces of Securitisation: Political Agency, Audience and Context”. European Journal of International Relations 11(2): 171-201.
Balzacq, Thierry. 2011a. “A theory of securitization: origins, core assumptions, and variants”, pp. 1-30. En Securitization Theory: How security problems emerge and dissolve, editado por Thierry Balzacq. New York: Routledge.
Balzacq, Thierry. 2011b. “Enquiries into methods: a new framework for securitization analysis”, pp. 31-54. En Securitization Theory: How security problems emerge and dissolve, editado por Thierry Balzacq. New York: Routledge.
Bigo, Didier. 1996. Polices en réseaux. L’expérience européenne. Paris: Presses de Sciences Po.
Bigo, Didier. 2000. “When Two Become One: Internal and External Securitisations in Europe”. En International Relations Theory and the Politics of European Integration, Power, Security and Community, editado por Morten Kelstrup y Michael Williams. London: Routledge.
Bigo, Didier. 2006. “Internal and External Aspects of Security”. European Security 15(4): 385-404.
Bigo, Didier. 2008. “Globalized (In)Security: The field and the Ban-Opticon”, pp. 10-48. En Terror, Insecurity and Liberty. Illiberal practices of liberal regimes after 9/11, editado por Didier Bigo y Anastassia Tsoukala. New York: Routledge.
Bigo, Didier. 2013. “The transnational field of computerised exchange of information in police matters and its European guilds”, pp. 153-182. En Transnational Power Elites: The New Professionals of Governance, Law and Security, editado por Niilo Kauppi y Mikael Madsen. New York: Routledge.
Bigo, Didier. 2015. “Vigilancia electrónica a gran escala y listas de alerta: ¿productos de una política paranoica?”. REMHU — Revista Interdisciplinar da Mobilidade Humana 23(45): 11-42.
Bilgin, Pinar. 2008. Critical Theory. En Security Studies: An Introduction, editado por Paul Williams. Abingdon: Routledge.
Bilgin, Pinar. 2017. The International in Security, Security in the International. New York: Routledge.
Booth, Ken. 1991. “Security and Emancipation”. Review of International Studies 17(4): 313-326.
Booth, Ken. 2004. “Realities of Security: Editor’s Introduction”. International Relations 18(1): 5-8.
Booth, Ken. 2007. Theory of World Security. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1997. Razones Prácticas. Sobre la teoría de la acción. Barcelona: Anagrama.
Burgess, Peter (Ed.). 2012. The Routledge Handbook of New Security Studies. New York: Routledge.
Buzan, Barry y Lene Hansen. 2009. The Evolution of International Security Studies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Buzan, Barry y Ole Waever. 2003. Regions and Powers: The Structure of International Security. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Buzan, Barry, Ole Waever y Jaap de Wilde. 1998. Security: A New Framework for Analysis. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Buzan, Barry. 1991. People, States and Fear: An Agenda for International Security Studies in the Post-Cold War Era. 2.ed. London: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
C.A.S.E. Collective. 2006. “Critical Approaches to Security in Europe: A Networked Manifesto”. Security Dialogue 37(4): 443-487.
Chagas-Bastos, Fabrício H. 2015. Modelos de Inserção Internacional na América Latina do início do século XXI (1990-2014): Uma análise comparativa de Brasil e México. Tesis de Doctorado. Programa de Posgrado Interunidades en Integración de América Latina (PROLAM). São Paulo: Universidad de São Paulo.
Chagas-Bastos, Fabrício H. 2018. “La invención de la inserción internacional: fundaciones históricas y conceptuales”. Análisis Político [en prensa].
Chagas-Bastos, Fabrício H. y Sean Burges. 2018. “The ‘Briefing Note’ as a Pedagogical Tool for Teaching Politics and International Relations”. Journal of Political Science Education [en prensa].
Cox, Robert W. 1996. Approaches to World Order. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Dunne, Tim, Milja Kurki y Steve Smith (Eds.). 2016. International Relations Theories: Discipline and Diversity. 4.ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Farr, James. 1989. “Understanding Conceptual Change Politically”, pp. 24-39. En Political Innovation and Conceptual Change, editado por T. Ball, J. Farr y R. L. Hanson. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Foucault, Michel. 1976. Vigilar y castigar. Traducido por Aurelio Garzón del Camino. Buenos Aires: Siglo XXI Editores.
Foucault, Michel. 1978. Curso del 7 de enero de 1976. En: Microfísica del poder. Madrid: La Piqueta.
Habermas, Jürgen. 1987a. Knowledge and Human Interests. Boston: Polity Press.
Habermas, Jürgen. 1987b. The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Habermas, Jürgen. 1991. The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Horkheimer, Max. 1937. Teoría tradicional y teoría crítica. Madrid: Ediciones Paidós
Horkheimer, Max. 1942. El Estado autoritario. En: Sociedad en transición: estudios de filosofía social, editado por Max Horkheimer (1976). Barcelona: Península.
Huysmans, Jef. 2000. “Migration and the Politics of Security”. En: Minorities in European Cities: The Dynamics of Social Integration and Social Exclusion at the Neighbourhood Level, editado por Sophie Body Gendrot y Marco Martiniello. London: Macmillan,
Huysmans, Jef. 2002. “Defining Social Constructivism in Security Studies: The Normative Dilemma of Writing Security”. Alternatives: Global, Local, Political 27(1_suppl): 41-62.
Knutsen, Torbjørn. 2016. A History of International Relations Theory. 3.ed. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Koselleck, Reinhart. 1992. Uma História dos conceitos: problemas teóricos e práticos. Estudos Históricos 5(10): 134-146.
Koselleck, Reinhart. 2002. The Practice of Conceptual History: Timing History, Spacing Concepts. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Koselleck, Reinhart. 2004. Futures Past: On the Semantics of Historical Time. New York: Columbia University Press.
Krause, Keith y Michael Williams (Eds.). 1997. Critical Security Studies: Concepts and Cases. London: UCL Press.
Kristensen, Peter. 2018. “International Relations at the End: A Sociological Autopsy”. International Studies Quarterly 62(2): 245-259.
McDonald, Matt. 2008. “Securitization and the Construction of Security”. European Journal of International Relations 4(4): 563-587.
Palonen, Kari. 1999. “Rhetorical and Temporal Perspectives on Conceptual Change”. Redescriptions 3: 41-58.
Palonen, Kari. 2003. Quentin Skinner: History, Politics, Rhetoric. Cambridge: Polity.
Paris, Paolo. 2015. “Pierre Bourdieu y su teoría de la acción: espacio social, habitus y campo”, pp. 108-115. En Sociología, editado por Sebastián Barros. Comodoro Rivadavia: EDUPA.
Park, Seo-Hyun. 2017. Sovereignty and Status in East Asian International Relations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Pocock, J. G. A. 1971. Politics, Language, and Time: Essays on Political Thought and History. New York: Atheneum.
Pollock, Frederick. 1941. “State Capitalism: Its Posibilities and Limitations”. En: The Essential Frankfurt School Reader, editado por Andrew Arato y Eike Gebhardt (1978). New York: The Continuum Publishing Company.
Skinner, Quentin. 1969. “Meaning and Understanding in the History of Ideas”. History and Theory 8(1): 3-53.
Stritzel, Holger y Chang Sean C. 2015. “Securitization and counter-securitization in Afghanistan”. Security Dialogue 46 (6): 548-567.
Stritzel, Holger. 2012. “Securitization, power, intertextuality: Discourse theory and the translations of organized crime”. Security Dialogue 43(6): 549-567.
Stritzel, Holger. 2014. Security in Translation: Securitization Theory and the Localization of Threat. London: Palgrave-Macmillan.
Waever, Ole, Barry Buzan y Pierre Lemaitre. 1993. Identity, Migration and the New Security Agenda in Europe. London: Pinter
Waever, Ole. 1995. “Securitization and Desecuritization”. En On security, editado por Ronnie D Lipschutz. New York: Columbia University Press.
Waever, Ole. 1996. “The Rise and Fall of the Inter-Paradigm Debate”, pp. 149-185. En International Theory: positivism and beyond, editado por Steve Smith, Ken Booth y Marysia Zalewski. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Waever, Ole. 2000. “The EU as a Security Actor: Reflections from a Pessimistic Constructivist on Post Sovereign Security Orders”. En International Relations Theory and the Politics of European Integration, editado por Morten Kelstrup y Michael Williams. London: Routledge.
Waever, Ole. 2012. “Aberystwyth, Paris, Copenhague: the Europeness of new ‘schools’ of Security Theory in an American Field”, pp. 48-71. En Thinking International Relations Differently, editado por Arlene B. Tickner y David Blaney. New York: Routledge.
Williams, Michael. 1998. “Modernity, Identity and Security: A Comment on the “Copenhagen controversy”. Review of International Studies 23(3): 435-444.
Williams, Michael. 2011. “The continuing evolution of securitization theory”, pp. 212-222. En Securitization Theory: How security problems emerge and dissolve, editado por Thierry Balzacq. New York: Routledge.
Wyn Jones, Richard. 1995. “Message in a bottle? Theory and praxis in critical security studies”. Contemporary Security Policy 16(3): 299-319.
Wyn Jones, Richard. 1999. Security, Strategy, and Critical Theory. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Publicado
23-07-2023
Como Citar
Ana, A. V.-C., & Fabricio Chagas-Bastos. (2023). Aspectos Sistemáticos de una Historia de los Conceptos de Securitización y Amenaza para Copenhague, Aberystwyth y París. Estudos Internacionais: Revista De relações Internacionais Da PUC Minas, 10(3), 34-52. https://doi.org/10.5752/P.2317-773X.2022v10n3p34-52
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