Environmental securitization in International Politics:
an analysis of political leadership’ discourses in the context of the Paris Agreement
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5752/P.1809-6182.2024v21n1p2-11Palavras-chave:
Environment, Climate Change, Securitization, Discourses, Paris AgreementResumo
Considering the relationship between environmental problems and international security, this paper questions whether there has been, in recent years, a movement by political leaderships to securitize environmental problems? The methodology applied in this paper was a bibliographical review on securitization and its relationship with environmental discussions. Then, we proceed with a discourse analysis of important political leaderships in the context of the birth of the Paris Agreement. As a result, we observed that, academically, the debate on the environment and security still lacks many studies. And, although it is not possible to affirm that there is a movement of securitization on the part of international political leaderships, in the context of COP-21 there were important speeches associating environmental problems with an urgent threat to the future of humanity.
Downloads
Referências
Buzan, B.; Waever, O.; Wlde, J. 1998. Security: a New Framework for Analysis. Lynne Rienner Publishers: London.
Carter, Timothy R.; Benzie, Magnus; Campiglio, Emanuele; Carlsen, Henrik; Fronzed, Stefan; Hildén, Mikael; Reyer, Christopher P.O.; West, Chris. 2021. A conceptual framework for cross-border impacts of climate change. Global Environmental Change. Vol. 69, p. 1-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102307.
Clean Power Plan. 2015. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Available at: https://archive.epa.gov/epa/cleanpowerplan/fact-sheet-overview-clean-power-plan.html. Last accessed: July 17, 2021.
Deudney, D. 1990. The Case Against Linking Environmental Degradation and Security. Millennium. Vol. 19, Nº. 3, 46-76.
Foucaut, Michel. 2008. A arqueologia do saber. 7ed. Rio de Janeiro: Forense Universitária.
Franchini, Matías; Viola, Eduardo; Barros-Platiau, Ana Flávia. 2017. The challenges of the antropocene: from international environmental politics to global governance. Ambiente & Sociedade, vol.20 no.3. São Paulo July/Sept. Available at: https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1414-753X2017000300177&lng=en&tlng=en. Last accessed: July 23, 2021.
Francisco, Papa. 2015. Carta Encíclica “Laudato Si’” sobre o cuidado da casa comum. Tradução da Editora do Vaticano. São Paulo: Paulus/ Loyola.
García, Dorde Cuvardic. 2004. La metáfora en el discurso político. Revista Reflexiones. 83 (2), p. 61-72.
Greenpeace Reaction to US Climate Offer. 2015. Greenpeace. Available at: https://www.greenpeace.org/usa/news/greenpeace-reaction-to-us-climate-offer/. Last accessed: July 17, 2021.
Hough, Peter. Environmental Security. In. Hough, Peter; Malik, Shahin; Moran, Andrew; Pilbeam, Bruce. 2015. International Security Studies: Theory and practice. Peter Hough, Shahin Malik, Andrew Moran and Bruce Pilbeam (Ed). Routledge: New York.
IMCCS (International Military Council on Climate and Security). 2021. The World Climate and Security Report 2021. Available at: https://imccs.org/the-world-climate-and-security-report-2021/. Last accessed: July 14, 2021.
Maingueneau, Dominique. 2003. Términos Clave del Análisis del Discurso. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Nueva Visión.
Malik, Shahin. Constructing Security. In. Houh, Peter; Malik, Shahin; Moran, Andrew; Pilbeam, Bruce. 2015. International Security Studies: Theory and practice. Peter Hough, Shahin Malik, Andrew Moran and Bruce Pilbeam (Ed). Routledge: New York.
Mendes, Cristiano; Dos Santos, Letícia Britto; De Souza, Matilde. 2020. Climate Change, vulnerability and securitization. Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional, 63 (1), e14, p. 3-16. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7329202000114.
Mitchell. Ronald B. International Politics and the Environment. London: SAGE Publications, 2010.
Mussalim, Fernanda. Análise de discurso. In: Mussalim, F.; Bentes, A. C. (orgs.). 2006. Introdução à linguística: domínios e fronteiras, vol.2. 5ª Ed. São Paulo: Cortez.
Remarks by the President on Climate Change. 2013. The White House. Available at: https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/06/25/remarks-president-climate-change. Last accessed: January 13, 2021.
Santos, Letícia Britto dos. 2015. Climate Change as Environmental International Security Issue: The Threat of Global Warming in Small Island States. Conjuntura Internacional, V. 12, Nº. 1, p. 28 - 35.
Silveira, Mariana Balau. 2019. Das negociações do clima ao clima das negociações: A presidência das COP no Complexo de Regime das Mudanças do Clima. Tese (Doutorado em Relações Internacionais) - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 2019.
The Nobel Peace Prize 2007. 2020. The Nobel Prize. Available at: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2007/summary/. Last accessed: July 17, 2021.
Underdal, A. Methods of Analysis. In: Miles, E., Underdal, A., Andersen, S., Wettestad, J., Skjaerseth, J., Carlin, E. Environmental Regimes Effectiveness: Confronting Theory and Evidence. MIT Press. 2002.
U.S.-China joint presidential statement on climate change. 2015. The White House. Available at: https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2015/09/25/us-china-joint-presidential-statement-climate-change. Last accessed: July 17, 2021.
Wallace-Wells, David. 2019. A Terra Inabitável: uma história do futuro. 1ª ed. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras.
Wettestad, J. Designing Effective Environmental Regimes: the key conditions. EE Publishing. 1999.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos:
1. Autores mantém os direitos autorais e concedem à revista o direito de primeira publicação, com o trabalho simultaneamente licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution que permite o compartilhamento do trabalho com reconhecimento da autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
2.Autores têm autorização para assumir contratos adicionais separadamente, para distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicada nesta revista (ex.: publicar em repositório institucional ou como capítulo de livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
3.Autores têm permissão e são estimulados a publicar e distribuir seu trabalho online (ex.: em repositórios institucionais ou na sua página pessoal) a qualquer ponto antes ou durante o processo editorial, já que isso pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como aumentar o impacto e a citação do trabalho publicado (Veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre).