A questão dos riscos e o acordo SPS
The matter of risks and the SPS agreement
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5752/P.1809-6182.2016v13n3p179Keywords:
OMC, SPS, risco, disputas, comércio internacional.Abstract
O tema do risco que surge na sociologia e na teoria jurídica é analisado na sua aplicação no Acordo de Medidas Sanitárias e Fitossanitárias da OMC. A partir do Acordo SPS, e de sua análise sobre os artigos referentes ao tema risco, as disputas no Órgão de Solução de Controvérsias da OMC são analisadas sob o aspecto de sua constituição. A relação entre os Estados envolvidos gera a conclusão de que há o uso do risco como forma de protecionismo, ao se verificar a formação das disputas nessa arena que tem como principais atores os Estados Unidos e a Comunidade Europeia
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References
_ Acordos:
Acordo de Medidas Sanitárias e Fitossanitárias da OMC. Disponível em: https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/sps_e/spsagr_e.htm
Declaração do Rio sobre Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento. Disponível em: http://www.mma.gov.br/port/sdi/ea/documentos/convs/decl_rio92.pdf
International Plant Protection Convention, 1997. Disponível em: https://www.ippc.int/static/media/files/publications/en/2013/06/06/1329129099_ippc_2011-12-01_reformatted.pdf
Understanding on rules and procedures governing the settlement of disputes. Uruguay round agreement. Disponível em: https://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/28-dsu_e.htm
_ Documentos:
Codex Alimentarius Commission – procedural manual, 23rd edition. WHO and FAO, Rome, 2015.
_ Livros e artigos:
ADAM, B., and VAN LOON, J. Introduction: repositioning risk; the challenge for social theory. IN: ADAM, Barbara; BECK, Ulrich; VAN LOON, Joost. The risk society and beyond: critical issues for Social Theory. London: Sage, 2000.
BECK, Ulrich. A sociedade de risco: rumo a uma outra modernidade. São Paulo: Ed. 34, 2010.
GOLDSTEIN, Bernard, and CARRUTH, Russellyn S. The precautionary principle and/or risk assessment in World Trade Organization decisions: a possible role for risk perception. Risk Analysis, Vol. 24, No 2, 2004.
GRUSZCZYNSKI, Lukasz. Risk management policies under the WTO agreement on the application of sanitary and phytosanitary measures. Asian Journal of WTO & international health law and policy, vol.3, n1, págs. 261-308, 2008.
GUZMAN, Andrew. Dispute resolution in SPS cases.IN: HOROVITZ, Dan, et al. Ten years of WTO dispute settlement. London: International Bar Association, 2007.
JACKSON, John Howard. The world trading system: law and policy of international economic relations. 2nd edition, MIT Press, 2002.
KAYE, Tim. Law and risk: an introduction. IN: WOODMAN, Gordon, and KLIPPEL, Diethelm. Risk and the Law. Routledge, 2008.
O’MALLEY, Pat. Governmentality and risk. The University of Sydney, Sydney law school. Legal studies research paper no 09/98, 2009.
PRAZERES, Tatiana L. Comércio internacional e protecionismo: as barreiras técnicas na OMC. São Paulo: Aduaneiras, 2003.
SHAFFER, Gregory. A structural theory of WTO dispute settlement: Why institutional choice lies at the center of the GMO case. International law and politics, 2008.
STOLL, Peter Tobias; SCHORKOPF, Frank. WTO – World Economic Order, World Trade Law. Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2006.
_ Resolução de disputas na OMC:
DS 391 – Korea – Measures affecting the importation of bovine meat and meat products from Canada. Disponível em: https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/cases_e/ds391_e.htm
DS 389 – European Communities – Certain measures affecting poultry meat and poultry meat products from the United States. Disponível em: https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/cases_e/ds389_e.htm
DS 297 – Croatia – Measures affecting imports of live animals and meat products. Disponível em: https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/cases_e/ds297_e.htm
DS 293 - European Communities – Measures affecting the approval and marketing of biotech products. Disponível em: https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/cases_e/ds293_e.htm
DS 292 - European Communities – Measures affecting the approval and marketing of biotech products. Disponível em: https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/cases_e/ds292_e.htm
DS 287 - Australia – Quarantine regime for imports. Disponível em: https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/cases_e/ds287_e.htm
DS 284 – Mexico – Certain measures preventing the importation of black beans from Nicaragua. Disponível em: https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/cases_e/ds284_e.htm
DS 245 – Japan – Measures affecting the importation of apples. Disponível em: https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/cases_e/ds245_e.htm
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