UM LIBERALISMO FORTEMENTE INDIVIDUALISTA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5752/P.2177-6342.2023v14n28p688-712Keywords:
Liberalismo, Individualismo, Filosofia PolíticaAbstract
Este artigo oferece uma fundamentação para um lugar-comum mais assumido do que explicitamente defendido segundo o qual o liberalismo é uma abordagem fortemente individualista. Minha estratégia é defender que compromissos centrais do liberalismo são bem capturados pelo que chamo de “individualismo global”, uma espécie de enquadramento ou modelo que une duas ideias: a de que indivíduos exaurem o mundo normativo e a de que tudo que há no mundo social são indivíduos. Sugiro também que há uma harmonia interna entre os constituintes do enquadramento. No fim, se o liberalismo é capturado por um enquadramento no qual toda a normatividade é exaurida por indivíduos e só há indivíduos, o liberalismo é tão individualista quanto se pode ser.
Downloads
References
BRENNAN, J. “The Right to a Competent Electorate”. The Philosophical Quarterly, v. 61, n. 245, 2011, pp. 700-724.
CHRISTMAN, J.; ANDERSON, J. “Introduction”. In: J. Christman & J. Anderson (Eds.). Autonomy and the Challenges to Liberalism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005, pp. 1-23.
CUENO, T; SHAFER-LANDAU, R. “The Moral Fixed Points: New Directions for Moral Nonnaturalism”. Philosophical Studies, v. 171, n. 3, 2014, pp. 399-443.
EPSTEIN, B. The Ant Trap. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2015.
FREEMAN, S. “Illiberal libertarians: why libertarianism is not a liberal view”. Philosophy & Public Affairs, v. 30, n. 2, 2001, pp. 105-151.
FREIMAN. C. Unequivocal Justice. Nova York. Routledge, 2017.
FRENCH, P. “The Corporation as a Moral Person”. American Philosophical Quarterly, v. 13, n. 3, 1979, 3-22.
GALLIE, W. B. “Essentially Contested Concepts”. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, v. 56, n. 1, 1956, pp. 167-198.
GARNER, R. “Animals, politics, and justice: Rawlsian liberalism and plight of non-humans”. Environmental Politics, vol. 12, n. 2, 2003, pp. 3-22.
GAUS, G. F. “Explanation, justification and emergent properties: An essay on Nozick’s metatheory”. In: R. M. Bader & J. Meadowcroft (Eds.). The Cambridge Companion to Nozick’s Anarchy, State, and Utopia, 2011, pp. 116-142.
GAUS, G. F. “The Place of Autonomy in Liberalism”. In: J. Christman & J. Anderson (Eds.). Autonomy and the Challenges to Liberalism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005, pp. 272-306.
HEATH, J. “Methodological Individualism.” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2005.
HOBBES, T. Leviathan. Nova York: Penguin Classics, 1982.
HUEMER, M. The Problem of Political Authority. Nova York: Palgrave MacMillan, 2013.
JAMES, S. The Content of Social Explanation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984.
KANT, I. Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals. Indianápolis: Hackett Publishing, 1993.
LEVIN, Y. The Great Debate. Nova York: Basic Books, 2014.
LOCKE, J. Second Treatise on Government. Indianápolis: Hackett Publishing, 1980.
LUKES, S. “Methodological Individualism Reconsidered”. British Journal of Sociology, v. 19, 1968, pp. 119-129.
MILDENBERGER, C. D. “Corporate Responsibilization”. Journal of Applied Philosophy, v. 36, 2019, pp. 93-107.
MILL, J. S. Autobiography. Canton: Pinnacle Press, 2017.
MILL, J.S. On Liberty. Nova York: W. W. Norton, 1975.
MILLS, C. ‘“Ideal Theory” as Ideology’. Hypatia, v. 20, n. 3, 2005, pp. 165-184.
MOLLER, D. Governing Least. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019.
MOLLER, D. Governing Least. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2019.
NOZICK, R. Invariances. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2001.
NOZICK. R. Anarchy, State, and Utopia. Nova York: Basic Books, 1974.
OTTESON, J. The End of Socialism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014.
QUINTON, A. “Social Objects”. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, v. 75, 1976, pp. 1-27.
RAWLS, J. “Justice as Reciprocity.” In: S. Gorovitz (Ed.). Mill: Utilitarianism with Critical Essays. Nova York: Bobbs Merrill, 1971, pp. 244-245.
RAWLS, J. “The Independence of Moral Theory”. Proceedings and addresses of the American Philosophical Association, v. 48, 1975, pp. 5-22.
RAWLS, J. A Theory of Justice. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1999.
REGAN, T. The Case for Animal Rights. Londres: Routledge, 1988.
REIFF, M. “Terrorism, Retribution, and Collective Responsibility”. Social Theory and Practice, v. 34, n. 2, 2008, pp. 209-242.
ROSSI, E. “Is There Such a Thing as Liberalism?”. Working paper, 2014, pp. 1-21.
RUDY-HILLER, F. “Methodological Individualism”. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2014.
TAYLOR, C. Sources of the Self. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1989.
THALER, R; SUNSTEIN, C. Nudge. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2008.
UDEHN, L. Methodological Individualism. Nova York: Routledge, 2001.
WALDRON. J. “Theoretical Foundations of Liberalism”. The Philosophical Quarterly, v. 37, n. 147. 1987, pp. 127-150.
WALL, S. “Introduction”. In: S. Wall (Ed.). The Cambridge Companion to Liberalism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015, pp. 1-18.
WHITE, M. D. The Manipulation of Choice. Nova York: Palgrave MacMillan, 2013.
ZWOLINSKI, M. “The Separateness of Persons and Liberal Theory”. The Journal of Value Inquiry, v. 42. 2008, pp. 147-165.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
DECLARATION TERM:
I submit the presented work, an original text, for evaluation by the Sapere Aude journal of Philosophy and agree that its copyright will become the exclusive property of PUC Minas Publisher, prohibiting any reproduction, total or partial, in any other part or electronic/printed divulgation means before the necessary previous authorization is solicited and obtained from the Publisher. I also declare that there is no interest conflict between the aborded theme and the author, entrerprise, institution or individuals. I am not sure about this sentence and why it should be there. Do you publish any research that is subsidized by companies or that involves quantitative or qualitative interviews with participants?