Enunciative Mechanisms and Enem’s Argumentative Essay: an Analysis of the Enunciative Fusion of Voices and Modalizations in the Construction of Argumentative Essays
uma análise da fusão enunciativa de vozes e modalizações na construção de textos argumentativos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5752/P.2358-3231.2022n41p79-96Keywords:
Argumentative essay, Argumentation, Enunciative mechanisms, Mobilization of voices, ModalizationAbstract
The National High School Exam (ENEM), currently the main gateway to Higher Education Institutions (IES) in Brazil, consists of objective questions and an argumentative essay focused on a problem-situation of national impact. This essay is corrected based on 5 competences, among which the number IV stands out, in which the candidate must demonstrate knowledge of the linguistic resources necessary to build the argumentation of the text. The initial premise of this work is that the correction of the exam, regarding the use of argumentative operators, mostly implies formal and quantitative criteria, to the detriment of other relevant aspects in the argumentative construction of the text. Considering this scenario, we present a discursive-dialogical analysis based mainly on socio-interactionism studies, seeking to highlight enunciative mechanisms present in the construction of the argumentation of some excerpts from ENEM essays. In conclusion, we argue that the teaching of skills and competences in textual production can benefit from a vision that goes beyond the study of the surface of the text, incorporating the understanding of enunciative mechanisms, that is, a study in which discursive instances, mobilization of voices and modalization are considered.
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