DETERMINING FACTORS AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF AGGRESSIVES IN SCHOOL BULLYING:
an integrative review
Abstract
Bullying in the school environment is a problem recognized worldwide. It is necessary to direct greater attention to the confrontation of this public health problem. Understanding how the violent behavior of children and adolescents who practice bullying develop and acting in this context can help to avoid misconduct in society of these individuals as adults and reduce the occurrence of bullying itself. The present work is an integrative review whose general objective is to evaluate the mechanisms that predispose students to become practitioners of school bullying. The portals used for database research were: Virtual Health Library (VHL), Pubmed (Medline), Scielo, Google Scholar and CAPES Portal. The search descriptors were: bullying children; teenage bullying; school bullying. 30 articles were selected to address the objectives of the review. It was evidenced that the profile of male children and adolescents inserted in a context of parental neglect is highlighted among the perpetrators of school bullying. Factors such as poor sleep quality, wakeful bruxism, some externalizing disorders such as Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder may be associated with the aggressive component of bullying. Moral disengagement and other theories of behavior are pointed out as possible mechanisms for the construction of this practice, sometimes associated with other variables. Among the factors that act jointly (or separately) to moral disengagement, there are the presence of feelings of revenge, hostility and anger; need for popularity; exposure to violent video games; distancing from the victim and decreased empathy; and a non-affectionate school environment. Considering that bullying is a multifactorial and complex phenomenon, it is important to consider the most opportune moments to carry out targeted interventions among children and adolescents, in addition to building continuous prevention strategies.
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1. participaram do trabalho de maneira a responsabilizar-se publicamente por ele.
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