ESTRATEGIAS DE AFRONTAMIENTO DEL ESTRÉS EN JOVENES UNIVERSITARIOS: UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA DE LA LITERATURA
Palabras clave:
afrontamiento del estrés, estudiante, estudiantes universitarios, estrésResumen
Es preocupante como el estrés ha afectado a los estudiantes universitarios y que no todo el mundo sepa cómo afrontarlo. Objetivo: Este estudio analizó las características teóricas y metodológicas de estudios empíricos sobre los efectos adversos del estrés en la salud física y mental de universitarios y sus estrategias de afrontamiento (EA), identificando también estudios con intervención para el manejo del estrés. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sistemática con la pregunta orientadora: "¿Cuáles son los estresores y estrategias de afrontamiento que presentan los jóvenes en el contexto universitario según estudios publicados en portugués e inglés en los últimos cinco años?". La búsqueda fue en las bases de datos electrónicas de PERIODICS / CAPES, EBSCO Information Services y la Biblioteca Científica Eletronic Online (SciELO), con los descriptores: “estrategias de afrontamiento”, “estudiantes universitarios” y “estrés”, procesado en el software Rayyan. Regresaron 224 estudios. Tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se leyeron íntegramente 26 artículos directamente relacionados con los temas: afrontamiento, estrés, resiliencia, ansiedad y depresión. Resultados: Las publicaciones ocurrieron más entre 2017 y 2019, por investigadores estadounidenses y chinos. El diseño predominante fue el cuantitativo (n = 13), con muestras de 100-200 participantes de diferentes cursos y 57.69% abordó directamente el estrés académico, pobreza, discriminación y las barreras lingüísticas encontradas como los estresores más frecuentes estudiantes. Las diferencias de género, la asociación entre el afrontamiento deficientemente adaptativo y la ansiedad o depresión refuerzan la importancia del tema y estudios con intervención. Dos estudios presentaron proyectos de intervención con estudiantes, con el objetivo de promover la EA a través del manejo del estrés, la identificación de sentimientos y pensamientos negativos. Conclusión: El estrés afecta a gran parte de la población universitaria, por lo que las propuestas de intervención son indispensables para promover estrategias de afrontamiento más adaptativas.
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JORM, A. F. Mental health literacy: Empowering the community to take action for better mental health. American Psychologist, 2012, 67(3), 231-243. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025957
JUSTO, A. P.; ENUMO, S. R. F. Problemas emocionais e de comportamento em adolescen-tes: O papel do estresse. Boletim - Academia Paulista de Psicologia, 2015 35(89), 350-370. Disponível em: http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-711X2015000200007&lng=pt&tlng=pt
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*MAHMOUD, J. S. et al. The relationships of coping, negative thinking, life satisfaction, so-cial support, and selected demographics with anxiety of young adult college students. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Nursing, 2015, 28(2); 97-108. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcap.12109
MANCINI, M. C., & SAMPAIO, R. F. Estudos de revisão sistemática: um guia para síntese criteriosa da evidência científica. Revista Brasileira de Fisioterapia, 2007, 11(1), 83-89. Dis-ponível em: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1413-35552007000100013
MODECKI, K. L. et al. Emotion regulation, coping, and decision making: three linked skills for preventing externalizing problems in adolescence. Child Development, 2017 88(2), 417-426. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12734
*NIEGOCKI, K. L.; ÆGISDÓTTIR, S. College students' coping and psychological help-seeking attitudes and intentions. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 2019, 4(2), 144-157. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.17744/mehc.41.2.04
OUZZANI, M. et al. Rayyan - a web and mobile app for systematic reviews. Systematic Re-views, 2016, 5, 210. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-016-0384-4
PANZINI, R.; BANDEIRA, D. R. Coping (enfrentamento) religioso/espiritual. Archives of Clinical Psychiatry, 2007, 34(1), 126-135. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-60832007000700016
*PIÑA-WATSON, B. et al. Bicultural stress, coping, and psychological functioning among Mexican-descent and white college students. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2019, 75, 1249-1266. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22767
PINTO-FOLTZ, M. D.; LOGSDON, M. C.; MYERS, J. A. Feasibility, acceptability, and initial efficacy of a knowledge-contact program to reduce mental illness stigma and improve mental health literacy in adolescents. Social Science & Medicine, 2011 72(12), 2011-2019. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.04.006
RICKWOOD, D. et al. Young people’s help-seeking for mental health problems. Australian E-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health, 2005 4(3), 218-251. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.5172/jamh.4.3.218
*SAJID, M. B. et al. Stress and coping mechanisms among college students. Journal of Paki-stan Psychiatric Society, 2017, 14(3), 31-35. Disponível em: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/922e/dbe2e1ad06aab3910b24b30b4c29b6f29373.pdf
*SHAKTHIVEL, N. et al. Level of perceived stress and coping strategies prevailing among 1st year medical undergraduate students: A cross-sectional study from south India. Interna-tional Journal of Medicine and Public Health, 2017, 7(2), 110-114. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.5530/ijmedph.2017.2.22
*SHANKAR, P. R. et al. Stress and coping strategies among undergraduate nursing and med-ical students at American International Medical University, St Lucia. Education in Medicine Journal, 2019, 10(4), 23-30. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.21315/eimj2018.10.4.3
*SINGH, R. Coping strategies among undergraduate students of Darbhanga, Bihar. Journal of Psychosocial Research, 2019, 14(1), 157-162. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.32381/JPR.2019.14.01.17
SKINNER, E. A.; ZIMMER-GEMBECK, M. J. The development of coping. Annual Review of Psychology, 2007, 58(1), 119-144. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085705.
*STRAUD, C.; MCNAUGHTON-CASSILL, M. Self-blame and stress in undergraduate col-lege students: The mediating role of proactive coping. Journal of American College Health, 2018, 13(5), 1-7. Disponível em:https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2018.1484360
*TANG, W.; DAI, Q. Depressive symptoms among first-year Chinese undergraduates: The roles of socio-demographics, coping style, and social support. Psychiatry Research, 2018, 27(4), 89-96. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.09.027
TORQUATO, J. A., et al. Avaliação do estresse em estudantes universitários. Inter Science Place, 2010, 14(3), 140-154.
VOGEL, D. L., et al. Perceived public stigma and the willingness to seek counseling: The me-diating roles of self-stigma and attitudes toward counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychol-ogy, 2007 54(1), 40-50. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.54.1.40
*WATSON, J.; WATSON, A. Coping Self‐Efficacy and Academic Stress Among Hispanic First‐Year College Students: The Moderating Role of Emotional Intelligence. Journal of Col-lege Counseling, 2016, 19(3), 218-230. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1002/jocc.12045
WRIGHT, A. et al. What’s in a name? Is accurate recognition and labelling of mental disor-ders by young people associated with better help-seeking and treatment preferences? Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2007 42(3), 244-250. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-006-0156-x
*YUN, K.; KIM, S.; AWASU, C. Stress and impact of spirituality as a mediator of coping methods among social work college students. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social En-vironment, 2019, 29(1), 125-136. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2018.1491918
*ZHAO, F. et al. The study of perceived stress, coping strategy and self-efficacy of Chinese undergraduate nursing students in clinical practice. International Journal of Nursing Prac-tice, 2014, 21(4), 401-409. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1111/ijn.12273
ZIMMER-GEMBECK, M. J.; SKINNER, E. A. Adolescents coping with stress: Develop-ment and diversity. The Prevention Researcher, 2008 15(4), 3-7. Disponível em: https://go.gale.com/ps/anonymous?id=GALE%7CA191015331
*ZVAUYA, R. et al. A comparison of stress levels, coping styles and psychological morbidity between graduate-entry and traditional undergraduate medical students during the first 2 years at a UK medical school. BMC Research Notes, 2017, 10(1), 93. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-017-2395-1
ALDWIN, C. M. Stress, coping, and development: An integrative perspective. New York: The Guilford Press, 2009.
*AREBA, E.M. et al. Religious coping, symptoms of depression and anxiety, and well-being among somali college students. Journal Religious Health, 2018, 57(1), 94-109. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-017-0359-3
*BARROS, M. S. P.; WILHELM, F. A. Estratégias de enfrentamento do estresse utilizadas por jovens universitários no extremo norte do país. Revista Brasileira de Iniciação Científica, 2019, 7(1), 100-117. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-55022006000300005
*BHOWMIK, M. K.; CHEUNG, R.; HUE, M. T. Acculturative stress and coping strategies among Mainland Chinese university students in Hong Kong: A qualitative inquiry. The Amer-ican journal of Orthopsychiatry, 2018, 88(5), 550-562. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000338
*COIRO, M. J.; BETTIS, A. H.; COMPAS, B. E. College students coping with interpersonal stress: Examining a control-based model of coping. Journal of American College Health, 2016, 65(3), 177-186. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2016.1266641
COMPAS, B. E. et al. Coping with stress during childhood and adolescence: Problems, pro-gress, and potential in theory and research. Psychological Bulletin, 2001, 127(1), 87-127. Dis-ponível em: https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.127.1.87
*DWIVEDI, A.; RASTOGI, R. Patterns of relationship between self-construal and coping style in college students. Indian Journal Of Health And Wellbeing, 2016, 7(1), 150-152.
*EISENBARTH, C. A. Coping with stress: Gender differences among college students. Col-lege Student Journal, 2019, 53(2), 151. Disponível em: https://go.gale.com/ps/anonymous?id=GALE%7CA594832698
*FOKAS, K.; SOYSA, C.K. Negative Emotion-focused coping mediates the relationships between neuroticism and psychological outcomes in college students. Psi Chi Journal of Psy-chological Research, 2017, 22(4), 258-269. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.24839/2325-7342.JN22.4.258
*FRANKLIN, A. S. Religiousness, religious coping methods, and cognitive test anxiety among African-American college students. Journal of Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 2017, 19(9), 1000-1012. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2017.1306501
*GNILKA, P. B. et al. Comparison of Coping, stress, and life satisfaction between Taiwanese and U.S. college students. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 2015 37(3), 234-249. Dis-ponível em: https://doi.org/10.17744/mehc.37.3.04
*HENG, T. T. Coping strategies of international Chinese undergraduates in response to aca-demic challenges in U.S. colleges. Teachers College Record, 2018, 120(2), 1-42. Disponível em: https://repository.nie.edu.sg/bitstream/10497/20529/1/TCR-120-2-1.pdf
*HOUSTON, J. B. Randomized controlled trial of the resilience and coping intervention (RCI) with undergraduate university students. Journal of American College Health, 2016, 65(1), 1-9. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2016.1227826
JORM, A. F. Mental health literacy: Empowering the community to take action for better mental health. American Psychologist, 2012, 67(3), 231-243. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025957
JUSTO, A. P.; ENUMO, S. R. F. Problemas emocionais e de comportamento em adolescen-tes: O papel do estresse. Boletim - Academia Paulista de Psicologia, 2015 35(89), 350-370. Disponível em: http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-711X2015000200007&lng=pt&tlng=pt
LIBERATI, A. et al. (2009). The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: Explanation and elaboration. PLoS Medicine, 2009, 6(7), e1000100. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.100010
*LIHUA, Z. et al. Self-compassion and Confucian coping as a predictor of depression and anxiety in impoverished Chinese undergraduates. Psychological Reports, 2017, 120(4), 627-638. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294117700857
*MAHMOOD, Z.; IRSHAD, S.; SALEEM, S. Coping strategies of university students: A validation study. Unit of Clinical Psychology, 2015, 12(1), 8. Disponível em: http://www.jpps.com.pk/article/copingstrategiesofuniversitystudentsavalidationstudy_2453.html
*MAHMOUD, J. S. et al. The relationships of coping, negative thinking, life satisfaction, so-cial support, and selected demographics with anxiety of young adult college students. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Nursing, 2015, 28(2); 97-108. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcap.12109
MANCINI, M. C., & SAMPAIO, R. F. Estudos de revisão sistemática: um guia para síntese criteriosa da evidência científica. Revista Brasileira de Fisioterapia, 2007, 11(1), 83-89. Dis-ponível em: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1413-35552007000100013
MODECKI, K. L. et al. Emotion regulation, coping, and decision making: three linked skills for preventing externalizing problems in adolescence. Child Development, 2017 88(2), 417-426. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12734
*NIEGOCKI, K. L.; ÆGISDÓTTIR, S. College students' coping and psychological help-seeking attitudes and intentions. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 2019, 4(2), 144-157. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.17744/mehc.41.2.04
OUZZANI, M. et al. Rayyan - a web and mobile app for systematic reviews. Systematic Re-views, 2016, 5, 210. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-016-0384-4
PANZINI, R.; BANDEIRA, D. R. Coping (enfrentamento) religioso/espiritual. Archives of Clinical Psychiatry, 2007, 34(1), 126-135. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0101-60832007000700016
*PIÑA-WATSON, B. et al. Bicultural stress, coping, and psychological functioning among Mexican-descent and white college students. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2019, 75, 1249-1266. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22767
PINTO-FOLTZ, M. D.; LOGSDON, M. C.; MYERS, J. A. Feasibility, acceptability, and initial efficacy of a knowledge-contact program to reduce mental illness stigma and improve mental health literacy in adolescents. Social Science & Medicine, 2011 72(12), 2011-2019. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.04.006
RICKWOOD, D. et al. Young people’s help-seeking for mental health problems. Australian E-Journal for the Advancement of Mental Health, 2005 4(3), 218-251. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.5172/jamh.4.3.218
*SAJID, M. B. et al. Stress and coping mechanisms among college students. Journal of Paki-stan Psychiatric Society, 2017, 14(3), 31-35. Disponível em: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/922e/dbe2e1ad06aab3910b24b30b4c29b6f29373.pdf
*SHAKTHIVEL, N. et al. Level of perceived stress and coping strategies prevailing among 1st year medical undergraduate students: A cross-sectional study from south India. Interna-tional Journal of Medicine and Public Health, 2017, 7(2), 110-114. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.5530/ijmedph.2017.2.22
*SHANKAR, P. R. et al. Stress and coping strategies among undergraduate nursing and med-ical students at American International Medical University, St Lucia. Education in Medicine Journal, 2019, 10(4), 23-30. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.21315/eimj2018.10.4.3
*SINGH, R. Coping strategies among undergraduate students of Darbhanga, Bihar. Journal of Psychosocial Research, 2019, 14(1), 157-162. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.32381/JPR.2019.14.01.17
SKINNER, E. A.; ZIMMER-GEMBECK, M. J. The development of coping. Annual Review of Psychology, 2007, 58(1), 119-144. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085705.
*STRAUD, C.; MCNAUGHTON-CASSILL, M. Self-blame and stress in undergraduate col-lege students: The mediating role of proactive coping. Journal of American College Health, 2018, 13(5), 1-7. Disponível em:https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2018.1484360
*TANG, W.; DAI, Q. Depressive symptoms among first-year Chinese undergraduates: The roles of socio-demographics, coping style, and social support. Psychiatry Research, 2018, 27(4), 89-96. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.09.027
TORQUATO, J. A., et al. Avaliação do estresse em estudantes universitários. Inter Science Place, 2010, 14(3), 140-154.
VOGEL, D. L., et al. Perceived public stigma and the willingness to seek counseling: The me-diating roles of self-stigma and attitudes toward counseling. Journal of Counseling Psychol-ogy, 2007 54(1), 40-50. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.54.1.40
*WATSON, J.; WATSON, A. Coping Self‐Efficacy and Academic Stress Among Hispanic First‐Year College Students: The Moderating Role of Emotional Intelligence. Journal of Col-lege Counseling, 2016, 19(3), 218-230. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1002/jocc.12045
WRIGHT, A. et al. What’s in a name? Is accurate recognition and labelling of mental disor-ders by young people associated with better help-seeking and treatment preferences? Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2007 42(3), 244-250. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-006-0156-x
*YUN, K.; KIM, S.; AWASU, C. Stress and impact of spirituality as a mediator of coping methods among social work college students. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social En-vironment, 2019, 29(1), 125-136. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2018.1491918
*ZHAO, F. et al. The study of perceived stress, coping strategy and self-efficacy of Chinese undergraduate nursing students in clinical practice. International Journal of Nursing Prac-tice, 2014, 21(4), 401-409. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1111/ijn.12273
ZIMMER-GEMBECK, M. J.; SKINNER, E. A. Adolescents coping with stress: Develop-ment and diversity. The Prevention Researcher, 2008 15(4), 3-7. Disponível em: https://go.gale.com/ps/anonymous?id=GALE%7CA191015331
*ZVAUYA, R. et al. A comparison of stress levels, coping styles and psychological morbidity between graduate-entry and traditional undergraduate medical students during the first 2 years at a UK medical school. BMC Research Notes, 2017, 10(1), 93. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-017-2395-1
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2023-10-31
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STIPO SFORCINI, Arantxa; FERNANDES DE ARAUJO, Murilo; SUBY, Eugenia Andrea; CHIMINAZZO VICENTINI, Eliana Cristina; FIORIM ENUMO, Sônia Regina. ESTRATEGIAS DE AFRONTAMIENTO DEL ESTRÉS EN JOVENES UNIVERSITARIOS: UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA DE LA LITERATURA. Pretextos - Revista da Graduação em Psicologia da PUC Minas, Belo Horizonte, v. 7, n. 14, p. 202–218, 2023. Disponível em: https://periodicos.pucminas.br/pretextos/article/view/26068. Acesso em: 5 sep. 2025.
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