Sexuality and Existential-Phenomenological Method
Abstract
In this paper I explore the intercorporeal phenomenologies of Jean-Paul Sartre, Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Simone de Beauvoir by thinking through their views on being-with-others and sexuality. For Sartre our being-for-others is always revealed to us in conflict as shame and we are stuck thinking of the other as either a freedom or a body. Merleau-Ponty, however, offers us the notion of sexuality as an atmosphere of meaning we can undertake that affects our entire lived being (body-subject). Beauvoir reveals to us the gendering of the erotic encounter and thus a new way of phenomenologically experiencing ourselves and others as bodies.
Neste artigo eu explore a fenomenologia intercorporal de Jean-Paul Sartre, Maurice Merleau-Ponty e Simone de Beauvoir refletindo sobre suas perspectivas acerca do ser-com-os-outros e sexualidade. Para Sartre nosso ser para o outro é sempre revelado para nós por meio de conflitos, tais como vergonha, e nós somos levados a pensar no outro tanto como liberdade quanto como corpo. Merleau-Ponty, por sua vez, oferece-nos a noção de sexualidade como uma atmosfera de sentidos que nós podemos apreender gerando efeitos em nosso inteiro ser vivente (corpo-sujeito). Beauvoir revela-nos um encontro erótico por meio de uma relação de gênero e assim um novo caminho para as experiências fenomenológicas de nós mesmos e de outros corpos.
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WORKS CITED
BEAUVOIR, SIMONE DE. The Second Sex. Trans. H. M. Parshley. New York: Random House, 1989 [1949, 1951].
BERGOFFEN, Deborah. The Philosophy of Simone de Beauvoir: Gendered Phenomenologies, Erotic Generosities. New York: New York UP, 1997.
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HEINAMAA, Sara. Toward a Phenomenology of Sexual Difference: Husserl, Merleau-Ponty, Beauvoir. New York: Rowman & Littlefield, 2003.
HUSSERL, Edmund. Ideas: General Introduction to Phenomenology. In: WITTIN, Don The Essential Husserl. Bloomington, IN: Indiana UP, 1999.
MARSHALL, George J. A Guide to Merleau-Ponty’s The Phenomenology of Perception. Milwaukee, WI: Marquette UP, 2008.
MERLEAU-PONTY, Maurice. Phenomenology of Perception. Trans. Colin Smith. New York: Routledge, 2002 [1945]
SARTRE, Jean-Paul. Being and Nothingness. Trans. Hazel E. Barnes. New York: Washington Square Press, 1966 [1943].
SUTTON MORRIS, Phyllis. Sartre on Objectification: A Feminist Perspective. In: MURPHY, Julien. Feminist Interpretations of Jean-Paul Sartre. Pittsburgh, PA: Penn State Press, 1999, p. 64-89.
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I submit the presented work, an original text, for evaluation by the Sapere Aude journal of Philosophy and agree that its copyright will become the exclusive property of PUC Minas Publisher, prohibiting any reproduction, total or partial, in any other part or electronic/printed divulgation means before the necessary previous authorization is solicited and obtained from the Publisher. I also declare that there is no interest conflict between the aborded theme and the author, entrerprise, institution or individuals. I am not sure about this sentence and why it should be there. Do you publish any research that is subsidized by companies or that involves quantitative or qualitative interviews with participants?