Os mentores intelectuais do confucionismo, do taoísmo e do hinduísmo na perspectiva weberiana
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Abstract
Resumo
Analisaremos os literati confucionistas e taoístas (intelectuais chineses) e os mestres brahmanas (intelectuais indianos), apresentados por Max Weber, no intuito de apreendermos as imagens de mundo religiosas nos "jardins intelectuais e encantados" da China e da Índia. Para tanto, temos como base as duas primeiras monografias que fazem parte da obra Gesammelte Aufsätse zur Religionssoziologie (Ensaios sobre sociologia da religião) a propósito das religiões chinesas e indianas, as quais foram as primeiras a serem lançadas na série de sociologia comparativa das religiões mundiais de Weber. Verificamos que os intelectuais chineses contribuem para a preservação e continuidade de sua civilização, fortalecendo suas alianças com o Estado, enquanto os intelectuais indianos, na condição de agentes puramente religiosos, participam significativamente da integração cultural de seu país, preservando sua própria autonomia social.
Palavras-chave: Confucionismo; Taoísmo; Hinduísmo; Intelectuais; Max Weber.
Abstract
This article analyzes the Confucian and Taoist literati (Chinese intellectuals) and Brahmin masters (Indian intellectuals) presented by Max Weber, in order to apprehend religious world images in the “enchanted intellectual gardens” of China and India. For such, the first two monographs which are part of the work entitled Gesammelte Aufsätse zur Religionssoziologie (Essays on the sociology of religion) are considered in what concerns the Chinese and Indian religions, which were the first to be published in Weber’s world religions comparative sociology series. It was verified that Chinese intellectuals contribute to the preservation and continuity of their civilization, strengthening their alliances with the State, whereas Indian intellectuals, as purely religious agents, significantly take part in the process of the country’s cultural integration, preserving their own social autonomy.
Key words: Confucianism; Taoism; Hinduism; Intellectuals; Max Weber.
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