Contributions of the Holy Spirit’s festival on the befiefs of the rural protestantism
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Abstract
Missionary Protestantism arrived in Brazil in Rio de Janeiro, in 1859 with Ashbel Green Simonton, imbued with the ideology of American Manifest Destiny and premillennial theology. Despite several evangelization attempts in urban centers, Protestantism did not grow initially there, but in the interior areas of the country. The Catholic colonization created opportunities there, by stressing the playful nature of religion, in festivals such as Holy Spirit, Holy Cross, and Three Kings, as well as in its communal solidarity. This study points out how the message of the Protestant gospel was adapted to the playful character of the Brazilian people, eager for a simple and direct religiosity. The festive character of Catholicism practiced by the settlers, along with the shortage of priests, created space for the establishment of Protestantism in the interior of Brazil, and allowed it to conform to the millenarian and sebastianist beliefs of the rural people, giving rise to the musical expressions that characterize rural Protestantism.
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