INFLUENCIA SOCIAL ENTRE IGUALES COMO MEDIADORA DE LA RELACIÓN ENTRE DE LAS CREENCIAS Y EXPERIENCIAS RELIGIOSAS/SOBRENATURALES
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Resumen
La psicología social ha estudiado la influencia de las personas entre sí para la formación de creencias y experiencias religiosas/sobrenaturales. Los estudios experimentales pueden examinar la influencia de variables específicas en este proceso. Reproduciendo y ampliando estudios británicos, nuestro estudio investigó efectos de la sugestión verbal en presenciar y atribuir significado a un evento aparentemente sobrenatural. 187 voluntarios adultos brasileños fueron sometidos a diversas formas de sugestión verbal mientras miraban un video en el que un psíquico falso simulaba una proeza sobrenatural. También se investigó la memoria sobre el video, las creencias sobrenaturales y la tendencia a la disociación. Los hallazgos clave incluyen el impacto de las influencias horizontales (de un voluntario falso que vio el video con los voluntarios reales) en detrimento de las influencias verticales (de la figura de autoridad representada por el psíquico falso) en la memoria y la formación de creencias sobrenaturales sobre el video. Las creencias previas tendieron a guiar la atribución de causalidad sobre el contenido. Se discuten implicaciones para comprender la formación y consolidación de creencias y experiencias religiosas/sobrenaturales, como la mayor influencia que las personas religiosas pueden ejercer entre sí en comparación con la influencia proveniente de los líderes religiosos.
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