Formación y reforma del sistema monetario internacional

aspectos téoricos y el caso de los Acuerdos de Bretton Woods

Autores/as

  • Adriano Vilela Sampaio Universidade Federal Fluminense

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5752/P.2317-773X.2021v9n2p114-131

Palabras clave:

Sistema monetario internacional, Hegemonía, Bretton Woods, Países emergentes, Economia politica internacional

Resumen

El artículo se centra en la formación y transición del sistema monetario internacional (SMI) y su objetivo principal es investigar los factores que permitieron la amplia revisión del SMI en los Acuerdos de Bretton Woods. Se buscó en la Economía Política Internacional (EPI) un marco teórico que permitiera comprender
la formación y la estabilidad del SMI a partir de un análisis integrado entre economía y política. Según el enfoque neogramsciano, los cambios en el equilibrio de poder no implican necesariamente cambios en los regímenes internacionales, porque es necesario el establecimiento de una hegemonía internacional. Se argumenta que el éxito de los Acuerdos de Bretton Woods en lograr un cambio profundo en el SMI se debió no solo al impulso de la posguerra y al liderazgo de los EE. UU., sino también al proceso de cambio social, político y económico que tomó forma en decenios anteriores y culminó en una nueva hegemonía internacional. También se argumenta que si bien la crisis de 2008 generó un impulso para el cambio y que hubo reformas en elementos clave del SMI, los cambios profundos en el sistema solo vendrían con una transición hegemónica, algo aún fuera de perspectiva.

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Biografía del autor/a

Adriano Vilela Sampaio, Universidade Federal Fluminense

Doutor em economia pela Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Professor da Universidade Federal Fluminense: Niterói, RJ, Brasil. Contato: adrianovs@id.uff.br. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1866-4118. 

Citas

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Publicado

2021-06-28

Cómo citar

Sampaio, A. V. (2021). Formación y reforma del sistema monetario internacional: aspectos téoricos y el caso de los Acuerdos de Bretton Woods. Estudos Internacionais: Revista De Relações Internacionais Da PUC Minas, 9(2), 114–131. https://doi.org/10.5752/P.2317-773X.2021v9n2p114-131